脉诊
mài zhěn诊断
概述
Pulse Diagnosis is a distinctive Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnostic method where the physician palpates the patient's radial artery, primarily at the wrist (cun kou), to perceive the pulse quality and assess health conditions. It is considered one of the most characteristic diagnostic techniques in TCM, providing insights into the state of internal organs and pathological changes.
理论要点
- The cun kou is divided into three sections: cun, guan, and chi, each with three levels of palpation: floating (fu), middle (zhong), and sinking (chen).
- On the left wrist, the cun, guan, and chi positions correspond to the Heart, Liver, and Kidney (including the Gate of Life), respectively; on the right wrist, they correspond to the Lung, Spleen (and Stomach), and the Gate of Life (Ming Men).
- A normal pulse (ping mai) is neither floating nor sinking, neither rapid nor slow, harmonious and forceful, with a regular rhythm, typically 4 to 5 beats per respiration cycle, and it varies with seasons, age, and body constitution.
- The Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage) begins with chapters on pulse discrimination and normal pulse methods, emphasizing the integration of pulse and symptom analysis (mai zheng he can).
常见病机
- Abnormal pulse qualities, such as floating, sinking, rapid, slow, slippery, or choppy, reflect imbalances in Qi, Blood, Yin, Yang, or the state of internal organs.
- The pulse at each position provides specific information about the corresponding organ's function and potential pathological changes.
- Pulse diagnosis is used to differentiate patterns of disease, such as excess versus deficiency, cold versus heat, and to assess the severity and prognosis of an illness.
日常调养
- Maintain a calm and relaxed state before pulse examination, avoiding strenuous activity, emotional disturbance, or recent meals that may affect pulse quality.
- Regular health maintenance, including balanced diet, adequate rest, and stress management, supports a stable and harmonious pulse.
传统医学科普内容，不替代执业医师诊疗。中文白话译文制作中，暂显示英文。