切诊
qiè zhěn诊断
概述
Palpation (Qie Zhen) is a diagnostic method in Traditional Chinese Medicine involving the physician's hands to touch, feel, press, and examine the patient's body surface to assess health conditions. It primarily includes pulse diagnosis (Mai Zhen) and palpatory examination (An Zhen), with the radial pulse at the wrist being the most common site for pulse taking.
理論要點
- Pulse diagnosis is performed by pressing the Cunkou pulse, located at the radial artery just proximal to the wrist, which is divided into three positions: Cun, Guan, and Chi, each with three levels (Fu, Zhong, Chen), collectively known as the Three Positions and Nine Indicators (San Bu Jiu Hou).
- Palpatory examination involves pressing and touching the skin, hands and feet, chest and abdomen, and acupoints to discern cold or heat, moisture or dryness, tenderness, and masses or lumps.
- The diagnostic process is best conducted in the early morning (Ping Dan) when the patient is calm and Qi and blood are in a relatively stable state, allowing for accurate assessment.
- The physician should regulate their own breathing and concentrate fully during palpation to ensure precise perception of subtle changes in the pulse and body tissues.
常見病機
- Abnormal pulse qualities, such as floating, sinking, rapid, slow, wiry, or slippery, reflect imbalances in Qi, blood, Yin, Yang, and the state of internal organs.
- Palpatory findings of coldness, heat, moisture, dryness, tenderness, or masses in specific body regions indicate pathological conditions like Cold or Heat patterns, Qi stagnation, Blood stasis, or Phlegm accumulation.
- The presence of palpable lumps or tenderness in the abdomen or along meridians may signal organ dysfunction or obstruction of Qi and Blood flow.
日常調養
- Patients should rest quietly before palpation to allow Qi and blood to settle, avoiding vigorous activity, emotional excitement, or heavy meals prior to examination.
- Physicians should maintain a calm and focused demeanor, ensuring their own breathing is even to enhance diagnostic accuracy.
- Regular palpation practice can help individuals become more aware of subtle bodily changes, but professional diagnosis should always be sought for health concerns.
傳統醫學科普內容，不替代執業醫師診療。中文白話譯文製作中，暫顯示英文。